SI joint blocks involve injecting a local anesthetic near the lateral branches of the sacral nerves that supply the sacroiliac joint. This helps to diagnose whether the nerve supply to the SI joint is the cause of pain. If the block provides significant temporary relief, it confirms the nerves as a source of the pain.
Medial branch blocks are diagnostic and therapeutic injections used to target the medial branch nerves, which transmit pain from the facet joints in the spine. A local anesthetic is injected near these nerves under fluoroscopy guidance. Relief from pain indicates that these joints are the likely source of discomfort. This procedure is often a precursor to radiofrequency ablation.
Cluneal nerve blocks target small nerves in the lower back and upper buttocks that can mimic sciatica or SI joint pain. A local anesthetic is injected near the cluneal nerves to diagnose and relieve pain.
Genicular nerve blocks target the nerves around the knee to diagnose and treat chronic knee pain, especially from arthritis or post-surgical pain. A local anesthetic is injected near the genicular nerves to determine if they are the pain source.
These blocks are used to treat headaches and migraines stemming from the occipital nerves at the back of the head. An anesthetic, sometimes with a steroid, is injected to reduce inflammation and block pain signals.